Metatarsal Fractures

Metatarsal Fractures

Metatarsal bones are of different length and dimensions and take different share of weight transfer. Injury of these bone depends on different mechanism of injury. Metatarsal fractures follow a specific pattern. Fracture of the base of 1st to 4th metatarsal, fracture neck of 2nd to 4th metatarsal, fracture base and shaft of 5th metatarsal. Fracture base of 1st to 4th metatarsals are related to Lisfranc injury most of the time. Fracture base of 5th metatarsal is related to sports injury; inversion injury of foot. Cavus deformity of foot is a significant predisposing factor for 5th metatarsal fracture and its nonunion. Fractures involving 5th metatarsals are avulsion fracture, Jones fracture and stress fracture. Most of the 5th metatarsal base fracture does not need any surgical treatment, not even a plaster cast immobilization. Only partial immobilization with braces is significant. Fracture involving base just distal to the articular area always requires fixation. Sometimes this fracture may go into non-union which is generally related to supination and varus deformity of foot which requires correction to ensure union. Significant displacement of metatarsal neck fracture also requires reduction and maintenance of the reduction with intramedullary wires.